ken_sylvania wrote:
How do you interpret 2 Peter 3:10-13?
The short answer is that I believe that it refers to the destruction of all the Old Covenant types and shadows...
I had an extensive reply and somehow it all got wiped away when I went to "preview" it before posting...
Let's try again, but here is a brief word study of what the term elements means as used in scripture:
KJV Word Usage and Count
Elements-4; rudiment-2; principle-1
For 'elements'
Ga 4:3, Even so we, when we were children, were in bondage under the ELEMENTS of the world:
Ga 4:9, But now, after that ye have known God, or rather are known of God, how turn ye again to the weak and beggarly ELEMENTS, whereunto ye desire again to be in bondage?
In this context it is obvious that Paul is speaking of the things of the Old Covenant that the Judaizers were trying to draw the Christians into or back into. The world [kosmos – order of things] was the system of the law.
2pe 3:10, But the day of the Lord will come as a thief in the night; in the which the heavens shall pass away with a great noise, and the ELEMENTS shall melt with fervent heat, the earth also and the works that are therein shall be burned up.
2pe 3:12, Looking for and hasting unto the coming of the day of God, wherein the heavens being on fire shall be dissolved, and the ELEMENTS shall melt with fervent heat?
Given the use of the word in every other passage, is it conceivable that it has the same definition here? After all, all the types and shadows, ordinances, genealogies, and the Temple, were literally “burned up”.
For 'rudiments'
Col 2:8, Beware lest any man spoil * you through philosophy and vain deceit, after the tradition of men, after the RUDIMENTS of the world, and not after Christ.
Col 2:20, Wherefore if ye be dead with Christ from the RUDIMENTS of the world, why, as though living in the world, are ye subject to ordinances,
Again the Apostle is trying to stop the apostasy back into Judaism. The ordinances, were “elements” of the Old Covenant system, part of the world [kosmos] then in effect until the time of its completed fulfillment by and in Christ.
For 'principle'
Heb 5:12, For when for the time ye ought to be teachers, ye have need that one teach you again which be the first PRINCIPLES of the oracles of God; and are become such as have need of milk, and not of strong meat.
The whole purpose of the book of Hebrews was to keep the faithful from going back into the degenerating system of the Old Covenant, which was soon to become obsolete. The first principles were the history of the faith, the foundational truths. The law was a schoolmaster to bring us to Christ.
Christianity rose out of the elements of the Old Covenant, and became the complete revelation of YHWH’s purpose for man and his redemption.
Another question that could be asked, if God has already declared that he created the heavens and the earth to last forever, what could Peter be possibly thinking when he said, "The end of all things is at hand" (1Peter 4:7) We should take that statement into consideration when interpreting what he wrote later.
How many times have the heavens and the earth been destroyed?
Jdg_5:4 LORD, when thou wentest out of Seir, when thou marchedst out of the field of Edom, the earth trembled, and the heavens dropped, the clouds also dropped water.
Isa_13:13 Therefore I will shake the heavens, and the earth shall remove out of her place, in the wrath of the LORD of hosts, and in the day of his fierce anger.
Isa_51:6 Lift up your eyes to the heavens, and look upon the earth beneath: for the heavens shall vanish away like smoke, and the earth shall wax old like a garment, and they that dwell therein shall die in like manner: but my salvation shall be for ever, and my righteousness shall not be abolished.
The above verse was in mind in relation to the covenants when the writer to the Hebrews said,
Heb 8:13 In that he saith, A new covenant, he hath made the first old. Now that which decayeth and waxeth old is ready to vanish away.
It is demonstrable that not every passage that uses the terms, heaven and earth refer to the natural/physical creation but rather the covenant people, consider:
Isa_51:16 And I have put my words in thy mouth, and I have covered thee in the shadow of mine hand, that I may plant the heavens, and lay the foundations of the earth, and say unto Zion, Thou art my people.
The covenant people are often referred to as the "planting of the Lord".
Origen on the fulfillment of II Pet 3 in reference to Is 65, 66 New Heavens & New Earth
“We do not deny, then, that the purificatory fire and the destruction of the world took place in order that evil might be swept away, and all things be renewed; for we assert that we have learned these things from the sacred books of the prophets…And anyone who likes may convict this statement of falsehood, if it be not the case that the whole Jewish nation was overthrown within one single generation after Jesus had undergone these sufferings at their hands. For forty and two years, I think after the date of the crucifixion of Jesus, did the destruction of Jerusalem take place.”
(Origen, Contra Celsum, IV, xxi-xxii; Ante-Nicene Fathers, Vol. IV, p. 505, 506.)
Finally, consider again the words of the writer to the Hebrews when coming to a conclusion of the 2 covenants:
Heb 12:18 For ye are not come unto the mount that might be touched, and that burned with fire, nor unto blackness, and darkness, and tempest,
19 And the sound of a trumpet, and the voice of words; which voice they that heard intreated that the word should not be spoken to them any more:
20 (For they could not endure that which was commanded, And if so much as a beast touch the mountain, it shall be stoned, or thrust through with a dart:
21 And so terrible was the sight, that Moses said, I exceedingly fear and quake:)
Above is the description of the OC.
Below is the description of the NC.
22 But ye are come unto mount Sion, and unto the city of the living God, the heavenly Jerusalem, and to an innumerable company of angels,
23 To the general assembly and church of the firstborn, which are written in heaven, and to God the Judge of all, and to the spirits of just men made perfect,
24 And to Jesus the mediator of the new covenant, and to the blood of sprinkling, that speaketh better things than that of Abel.
25 See that ye refuse not him that speaketh. For if they escaped not who refused him that spake on earth, much more shall not we escape, if we turn away from him that speaketh from heaven:
26 Whose voice then shook the earth: but now he hath promised, saying, Yet once more I shake not the earth only, but also heaven.
27 And this word, Yet once more, signifieth the removing of those things that are shaken, as of things that are made, that those things which cannot be shaken may remain. (comp Ps 102:26)
28 Wherefore we receiving a kingdom which cannot be moved, let us have grace, whereby we may serve God acceptably with reverence and godly fear:
29 For our God is a consuming fire.
God through the writer, indicates that the physical/natural "elements" of the OC would be removed so that only the reality of the spiritual covenant would remain.
Most people don't understand the enormity of the destruction of Israel in AD70 meant to the church and God's entire economy in dealing with human kind.
Peter has in mind the same things as above, the removal of the types and shadows of the OC (things that are made) and the complete revelation of God's chosen people, those who are followers of Christ under the NC, where there is neither Jew nor Greek, slave nor free, for we are all one in Christ. The temple was burned in Jerusalem, but we have a greater temple, we are the temple of the living God, the city was burned, but we have a greater city, we are the New Jerusalem! We have a greater high priest, Jesus Christ and we have become a royal priesthood! We have better sacrifices, the once for all sacrifice of Christ himself and we bring to him the sacrifice of praise!
All the old elements of Judaism are gone, there have been NO sacrifices for over 2000 years, the OC priesthood genealogy has been lost to the ages.