If someone decides to speed 65 in 25 zone, they are guilty of speeding. The judge doesn’t somehow force a fine on them, but rather merely observes the evidence that they did indeed speed, and that the sentence for such speeding is the fine according to law.
Peter passed judgment. He told them they had lied.Josh wrote: 1 Timothy 1:15 seems to be in the present tense. As in, the phase is "of whom I am chief." You are right, though, that the context of this passage is about his earlier life.
I appreciate the example of Ananias, but I do not see how you can go from that passage to saying Peter condemned them to hell at that moment. It may be that we are using different definitions of the word judgement or that I have imputed an understanding of that word onto the things you are saying. So I guess I will just reiterate my first question about what you mean by your definition of passing judgement.
God is the one condemned and executed the sentence. They had committed a death sin and refused to repent. Peter had the authority to tell them in no uncertain terms that they had sinned, and that they would face the penalty for that sin.
For what it’s worth, I find it interesting how eager modern day Christians want to explain away this story - it is very clear that God considers it perfectly just to immediately kill a converted, baptised Christian who intentionally lies, and the apostles issued a warning that such a thing may very well happen. This should give us pause to realise how serious sin is.